Orthopaedic Surgeon
Generally sesamoid fractures of the great toe should be treated with immobilisation as an absolute minimum, which means plaster cast for the initial weeks post-injury. This is assuming the fracture is undisplaced and is suitable for conservative treatment.
If there is any displacement at the fracture site then an orthopaedic foot and ankle surgery opinion is probably warranted, since displacement can often lead to an unstable 1st metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ). These often require internal fixation with screws.
So the short answer to your question is that swimming isn't recommended with any sesamoid fracture, since it should be immobilised.
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