Optometrist
This is just a simple sounding question but the answer is not so simple and has been debated for many years. The short answer is that it's likely a combination of genetics + environment. For a long time it was thought that excessive reading or close focussing was to blame but new research is suggesting that the bright light of outdoors may have a protective effect, so people who don't get outdoors enough may be more at risk. Many people also suspect that undetected problems with close focussing contribute to myopia, by causing un-noticed blur on the peripheral retina.
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